Guideline values lines for typical organic samples. Optimise the gap about once a week.

Photoemission at 2.0 GeV, 310 mA in ring.

	Grating	Slits (micron)	Gap	Photon energy (eV)	Kinetic energy (eV)	Step (eV)	Pass Energy	Typical photodiode current, microamp	Calibration (eV)
VB	G3	30/200	74.74	100	60-97, 80-98	0.05	5	270	12.62eV (H2O, first IP [1])
S 2p3/2									180.2 eV ( SF6 : 2p3/2 [5]) 181.5 2p1/2 [5])
Ar 2p									248.63(Ar 2p3/2) ; 250.78 (Ar 2p1/2) [5]
C 1s	G4	30/50	81.6 77.6	382 332	86-97 36-47	0.05	10	2.8	297.70 eV (CO2 [3])
S 2s	G4								244.7 eV (SF6 [6]
Ar 2s									326.3 eV [4]
N 1s	G5	30/50	91.5	495	88-95	0.05	10	2.4	409.9 eV (N2 [4], IP vertical) 409.5 eV (N2[5] XES, adiabatic)
O 1s	G5	30/50	81.43 81.65	628	90-96	0.1	10	3.4	541.3 eV (CO2 [4] vertical)
Ne 1s	G5								870.21 eV (Ne [5])
F 1s	G5								694.6 eV (SF6 [6])
Xe 3d5/2	G5								676.4 eV (Xe [7])

[1]      A. W. Potts, W. C. Price, Proc. Roy. Soc. A326 (1972) 181
[2]      J. E. True, T. D. Thomas, R. W. Winter, G. L. Gard, Inorg. Chem. 42 (2003) 4437
[3]      V. Myrseth,  J. D. Bozek, E. Kukk,  L. J. Sæthre,  T. D. Thomas, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 2002, 122, 57.
[4]      T. D. Thomas, R. W. Shaw, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.  5 (1974) 1081.
[5]       L Pettersson, J. Nordgren, L. Selander,C. Nordling, K. Siegbahn, H. Agren JESRP 27 (1982) 29
[6]       K. Siegbahn, ESCA Applied to Free Molecules (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1971, p.94
[7]       K. Siegbahn,  C.  Nordling, G.  Johansson,  et al.  “ESCA Applied to Free  Molecules,” North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1969, pp 104-136.

NEXAFS at 2.0 GeV, 310 mA in ring

 

	Grating	Slits (micron)	Gap (mm)	Photon energy (eV)	Step (eV)	Comment	Typical lifetime widths of core holes.	Calibration
C 1s	G4	20/20 20/30	74.0 75.0  73.3/73.9/74.4	282-295 292-305 283-305	0.025 0.050	Slit size depends on signal level. If vibrational structure is expected, 10/10 may also be used.	80 meV	290.77(3) eV (C 1s→π). CO2 [1] 288.000(5) eV (C 1s→3p) CH4 [2] 287.40(2) eV (C 1s→π*, v=0) CO [3]
N 1s	G5	20/20	84 83.23/84.23/84.83	396-410 356-408	0.05		120 meV	401.10 (2) eV (N 1s→π, v=1) N2 [3]
O 1s	G5	20/20 30/50	95.6	525-542	0.05 0.10		150 meV	535.4 eV (O 1s→πu) CO2 [4] 534.21(9) (O1s→π*) CO [3]
Ne	G1							45.547     n=3 47.123     n=4 47.694     n=5 47.965     n=6 Ne 2s2p6(2S)np1P0 [5]
He	G1 2nd ord							60 147     n=2 63.658     n=3 64.467     n=5 He 2,0n [6]
He	G1 2nd ord							64.135 eV n=4 He 2,1n [6]
Xe	G1 2nd ord							65.11(1)  eV : Xe 4d3/2 ->6p: [10]
Ar 3s	G1							26.614     n=4 27.996     n=5 28.509     n=6 Ar 3s 3p6 (2S1/2)np 1P1 [7]
Kr 3d	G1							91.20 eV; 3d5/2 -> 5p [10]
Ar 2p	G4							Ar 2p3/2->4s: 244.39(1) [10]
F 1s	G5		30.05					689.0 (1) eV SF6  F1s → a1g [9]
S 2p1/2	G3							SF6 2p1/2 → a1g 173.44eV;  2p1/2 → t2g 184.57 (1) [9]
S 2s	G4							240.4  eV T1u (t1u) SF6 [8]

 
These values cover typical near edge regions from the first resonance to above threshold. If higher lying sigma resonances are also of interest, it is necessary to change the gap and scan with larger step size at higher energy.

[1]         M. Tronc, G.C. King, F.H. Read, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. OpPhys. 12 (1979) 137.
[2]         M. de Simone, M. Coreno, M. Alagia, R. Richter, K. C. Prince J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys. 35 (2002) 61
[3]         R.N.S. Sodhi, C.E. Brion, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 34 (1984) 363.
[4]         G.R. Wight, C.E. Brion, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 3 (1974) 191.
[5]         K. Schulz et al. Phys. Rev. A 54 (1996) 3095
[6]         M. Domke et al. Phys. rev. A 53 (1996) 1424
[7]         R.P. Madden, D. L. Edered, K. Codling, Phys. Rev. A 177 (1969) 136
[8]         I.G. Eustatiu et al. Chem. Phys. 257 (2000) 235
[9]         E. Hudson, D. A. Shirley, M. Domke, G. TRemmers, A. Puschmann, T. Mandell, C. Xue, G. Kaindl, Phys. rev. A 47 (1993) 361
[10]       G.C. King et al. J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Phys. 10 (1977) 2479