Functional materials R. Villarreal1, Z. Zarkua1, S. Kretschmer2, V. Hendriks1, J. Hillen1, H.-C. Tsai3,4 F. Junge5, M. Nissen6, T. Saha7, S. Achilli8, H.C. Hofsäss5, M. Martins6, G. De Ninno7, P. Lacovig9, S. Lizzit9, G. Di Santo9, L. Petaccia9, S. De Feyter10, S. De Gendt3,4, S. Brems3, J. Van de Vondel1, A.V. Krasheninnikov2, L.M.C. Pereira1 1 Quantum Solid-State Physics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 2 Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden, Germany 3 Imec Vzw (Interuniversitair Micro-Electronica Centrum), Leuven, Belgium 4 Division of Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 5 II. Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany 6 Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany 7 Laboratory of Quantum Optics, University of Nova Gorica, Ajdovščina, Slovenia 8 ETSF and Dipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 9 Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Trieste, Italy 10 Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium e-mail: renan.villarreal@uclouvain.be; lino.pereira@kuleuven.be Acknowledgments This work was funded by FWO Vlaanderen, KU Leuven. We acknowledge Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste for providing access to its synchrotron radiation facilities and for financial support. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. Original paper R. Villarreal et al., ACS Nano 18, 27 (2024); DOI:10.1021/acsnano.4c03475. Fig. 1 Figure 1. (a) Mn 2p core-level spectrum of Mn-implanted graphene/Cu(111), annealed at the following temperatures after implantation: 200 °C (blue), 425 °C (green), 500 °C (black), and 700 °C (red). As an example, the fit to the data corresponding to the 700 °C annealing step is also displayed. (b) Concentration of Mn, after different annealing temperatures, estimated from the fits shown in (a). ARPES spectra (hv = 34 eV) measured after 700 °C annealing. (c) 2D spectra measured near the K-point along the Γ → K → M direction; (d) second derivative of the data in (c), highlighting the Dirac cone dispersion of the π and π* bands of graphene; (e) 2D spectra measured in the region Γ ← → K where the graphene π-band and the Cu 3d-band intersect (the observed discontinuity in the graphene π-band results from hybridization with the Cu 3d-band); and (f) Cu(111) surface state measured at the Γ point. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from R. Villarreal et al., ACS Nano 18, 27 (2024). Copyright 2025, American Chemical Society. Elettra Highlights 2024–2025 17
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