Life Sciences and cultural heritage Figure 1. Location of isolated samples for HG-OS (a), PA-OS (b) and PE-OS (c). Red and green cylinders indicate the extraction sites for tumor and control tissues, respectively. 3D reconstruction of PA-OS tumor (d) and control (e) tissues (volume approximately 64 mm3). Mineral content of HA crystals in PA-OS tumor (f) and control (g) samples (area of the ROIs approximately 20 mm2 and 10 mm2 respectively). Frequency distribution of the HA crystals’ interplanar distance of HG-OS (h), PA-OS (i) and PE-OS (l). The y-axis represents the frequency of the HA measured interplanar distances. Vertical lines indicate the mean values of each distribution (orange line = 3.44476 Å, yellow line = 3.44384 Å, dark-green line = 3.44344 Å, green line = 3.44586 Å, black line = 3.43917 Å, gray line = 3.44317 Å). Student’s t-test was performed: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (All the figures are adapted from Rossi et al., Acta Biomaterialia, 2025, licensed under CC BY 4.0.) F. Rossi1, M. M. Rydzyk1, L. Barba2, E. Malucelli1, M. E. F. Palamà3, C. Gentili3, M. Mastrogiacomo4, A. Cedola5, L. Mancini6, M. Salomé7, H. Castillo-Michel7, D. M. Donati8,9, M. Gambarotti10, E. Lucarelli11, M. Fratini12, S. Iotti1,13 1 Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 2 CNR-IC, Trieste, Italy 3 Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy 4 Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Genoa, Italy 5 CNR-Nanotec, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy 6 Department of Materials, Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG) Ljubljana, Slovenia 7 ESRF, The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France 8 3rd Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy 9 Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 10 Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy 11 Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy 12 CNR-Nanotec, La Sapienza University & IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy 13 National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (NIBB), Rome, Italy e-mail: emil.malucelli@unibo.it Acknowledgments The research leading to this result has been supported by MUR (Ministero dell’Universit`a e della Ricerca) PRIN22 (2022WKNWRF_001 - CUP J53D23006280006). Original paper F. Rossi et al., Acta Biomaterialia 199, 193 (2025); DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2025.04.057. Fig. 1 Elettra Highlights 2024–2025 69
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