T. Hrbek1, P. Kúš1, J. Drnec2, M. Mirolo2, H. Nedumkulam1, I. Martens2, J. Nováková1, T. Skála1, I. Matolínová1 1 Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 2 ID 31 Beamline, ESRF – The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France e-mail: tomas.hrbek@matfyz.cuni.cz; peter.kus@matfyz.cuni.cz Acknowledgments We acknowledge Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) for providing access to its synchrotron radiation facilities and for financial support. We acknowledge the CERIC-ERIC Consortium for access to experimental facilities at LRI SPL-HTC in Prague and to MSB at Elettra. This work was supported by the project “The Energy Conversion and Storage” (CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004617) under Programme Johannes Amos Comenius. Grant support from GAUK No. 336922, Vakuum Praha, Czechoslovak Microscopy Society and Mobility 8J23FR025 is also acknowledged. Open access publishing was supported by Charles University as part of the Wiley– CzechELib agreement. Original paper T. Hrbek et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 2025, 15, (2403738); DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202403738. Fig. 1 (a) (b) Figure 1. (a) Ru 3d SRPES spectra of bimetallic samples measured before (B) and after (A) ex-situ electrochemistry on a model system of Ir-Ru on an Au disk for a Rotating Disk Electrode samples. Measurements are done at different x-ray photon energies: 380 eV (SD: 1.3 nm) and 650 eV (SD: 2.3 nm) showing the absence of Ru in the top-most surface layer. (b) The evolution of lattice parameter a, and phase content for the fcc phase with applied potential. The states at Beginning of Life (BOL) before applying any potential are plotted as separated scatter points at time = 0. Adapted from T. Hrbek et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 2025, 15, (2403738); DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202403738. Structure and Dynamics Elettra Highlights 2024–2025 85
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