Figure 1. On the left a quadrupole in measurement in LB, right a girder with multipoles. Elettra | Machine Elettra 2.0 Table 1. Main characteristics of Elettra and Elettra 2.0. Elettra 2.0 is a fourth-generation upgrade replacing the existing Elettra light source. This article illustrates the technical choices to meet multiple and sometimes conflicting requirements, such as make Elettra 2.0 a fully transversely coherent source up to 0.5 keV-photon energy, diversify the type of experiments through a very broad range of photon energies from infrared and extreme ultra-violet to hard x-rays, maximize the number of photon beamlines in excess of 2-times the machine periodicity, and be able to produce picosecond-long light pulses at MHz repetition rate at several beamlines providing for them full coherence without interference to the standard multi-bunch operation. Elettra Elettra 2.0 Operating for users 1994 - 2025 2027 - Beam energy GeV 2.4 (25%) & 2.0 (75%) 2.4 (2.0 only for some time) Photon energies keV 0.003 - 25 0.010 – 120 + IR e-emittance / coupling pm-rad / % 10000-7000 / 1% 212-160 / 3% ID slots # of sections 11 long & 1 short 11 long & 5 short Beam lines (IDs, Dipoles) 28 (19,9) 32 (26-3 IVU, 6 -2 from 2 SBs) e-beam size (σx,σy) microns (long straights) 286,16 36,6 Brilliance (ph/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1%bw) 2x1019 1022 Coherence ratio at 1 keV / 10 keV % 0.5 / 0.01 30 / 4 e-intensity mA 160 – 310 400 Fill paterns Multi-bunch, single or few bunches, hybrid whatever Lattice / symmetry DBA / 12fold S6BA-Enhanced /12fold After 32 years of serving the user community with excellent results, on July 2nd 2025 we started the removal of the 3rd generation synchrotron light source, Elettra, that a 3rd generation synchrotron light source that operated as a user facility at two energies, 2 and 2.4 GeV and was optimized to provide the scientific community with photons in the energy range from a few to several tens of keV. Elettra will be replaced in 2026 by its successor, Elettra 2.0, a 4th generation light source. The new machine will provide an up to 1000 times brighter and coherent light to friendly users in winter 2026 and to all in January 2027. The main characteristics of Elettra 2.0 compared to those of Elettra is summarized in the following table 1: Based on the final requirements the enhanced version of a previously created S6BA (symmetric six bend achromat being the base of the first CDR available in 2017) was produced, namely S6BA-E by using longitudinal gradient (LG) dipoles (4 per achromat) and reverse bends (shifted quadrupoles, 8 per achromat) [1]. The working version has a bare emittance of 140 pm-rad at 2.0 GeV and 212 pm-rad at 2.4 GeV and consists of 12 identical sectors having long and short straight sections. The net length of the short straights is 1.26 m whereas the net length of the long straights is 4.94 m; with that choice of lengths, the transverse position of the beam lines on the long straight sections, coincides with those in Elettra. For the full intensity case (400 mA), a superconductive third harmonic cavity lengthens the bunch for stability and lifetime, in this case the Touschek lifetime will be about 15 h at 3% coupling and 1 mA/bunch. The beam dimensions in the long and short straights are shown in Table 2. Almost all calls for tender for vacuum chambers, girders, power supplies, injection elements etc. have been completed and materials are arriving as shown in Fig. 1. Elettra 2.0 is a fourth-generation upgrade replacing the previous Elettra light source. This article illustrates the technical choices made to meet multiple and sometimes conflicting requirements, such as to make Elettra 2.0 a fully transversely coherent source up to 0.5 keV-photon energy, diversify the type of experiments through a very broad range of photon energies from infrared and extreme ultra-violet to hard x-rays, maximize the number of photon beamlines in excess of 2-times the machine periodicity, and be able to produce picosecond-long light pulses at MHz repetition rate at several beamlines providing for them full coherence without interference to the standard multi-bunch operation. Elettra Highlights 2024–2025 146
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